Initial commit: add all skills files
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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minimax-docx/references/cjk_typography.md
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minimax-docx/references/cjk_typography.md
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# CJK Typography & Mixed-Script Guide
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Rules for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean text in DOCX documents.
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## Table of Contents
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1. [Font Selection](#font-selection)
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2. [Font Size Names (CJK)](#font-size-names)
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3. [RunFonts Mapping](#runfonts-mapping)
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4. [Punctuation & Line Breaking](#punctuation--line-breaking)
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5. [Paragraph Indentation](#paragraph-indentation)
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6. [Line Spacing for CJK](#line-spacing)
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7. [Chinese Government Standard (GB/T 9704)](#gbt-9704)
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8. [Mixed CJK + Latin Best Practices](#mixed-script)
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9. [OpenXML Quick Reference](#openxml-quick-reference)
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---
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## Font Selection
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### Recommended CJK Fonts
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| Language | Serif (正文) | Sans (标题) | Notes |
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|----------|-------------|-------------|-------|
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| **Simplified Chinese** | 宋体 (SimSun) | 微软雅黑 (Microsoft YaHei) | YaHei for screen, SimSun for print |
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| **Simplified Chinese** | 仿宋 (FangSong) | 黑体 (SimHei) | Government documents |
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| **Traditional Chinese** | 新細明體 (PMingLiU) | 微軟正黑體 (Microsoft JhengHei) | Taiwan standard |
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| **Japanese** | MS 明朝 (MS Mincho) | MS ゴシック (MS Gothic) | Classic pairing |
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| **Japanese** | 游明朝 (Yu Mincho) | 游ゴシック (Yu Gothic) | Modern, Windows 10+ |
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| **Korean** | 바탕 (Batang) | 맑은 고딕 (Malgun Gothic) | Standard pairing |
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### Government Document Fonts (公文)
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| Element | Font | Size |
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|---------|------|------|
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| 标题 (title) | 小标宋 (FZXiaoBiaoSong-B05S) | 二号 (22pt) |
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| 一级标题 | 黑体 (SimHei) | 三号 (16pt) |
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| 二级标题 | 楷体_GB2312 (KaiTi_GB2312) | 三号 (16pt) |
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| 三级标题 | 仿宋_GB2312 加粗 | 三号 (16pt) |
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| 正文 (body) | 仿宋_GB2312 (FangSong_GB2312) | 三号 (16pt) |
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| 附注/页码 | 宋体 (SimSun) | 四号 (14pt) |
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---
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## Font Size Names
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CJK uses named sizes. Map to points and `w:sz` half-point values:
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| 字号 | Points | `w:sz` | Common Use |
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|------|--------|--------|------------|
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| 初号 | 42pt | 84 | Display title |
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| 小初 | 36pt | 72 | Large title |
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| 一号 | 26pt | 52 | Chapter heading |
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| 小一 | 24pt | 48 | Major heading |
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| 二号 | 22pt | 44 | Document title (公文) |
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| 小二 | 18pt | 36 | Western H1 equivalent |
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| 三号 | 16pt | 32 | CJK heading / 公文 body |
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| 小三 | 15pt | 30 | Sub-heading |
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| 四号 | 14pt | 28 | CJK subheading |
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| 小四 | 12pt | 24 | Standard body (CJK) |
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| 五号 | 10.5pt | 21 | Compact CJK body |
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| 小五 | 9pt | 18 | Footnotes |
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| 六号 | 7.5pt | 15 | Fine print |
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---
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## RunFonts Mapping
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OpenXML uses four font slots to handle multilingual text:
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```xml
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<w:rFonts
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w:ascii="Calibri" <!-- Latin characters (U+0000–U+007F) -->
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w:hAnsi="Calibri" <!-- Latin extended, Greek, Cyrillic -->
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w:eastAsia="SimSun" <!-- CJK Unified Ideographs, Kana, Hangul -->
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w:cs="Arial" <!-- Arabic, Hebrew, Thai, Devanagari -->
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/>
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```
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**Word's character classification logic:**
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1. Character is in CJK range → uses `w:eastAsia` font
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2. Character is in complex script range → uses `w:cs` font
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3. Character is basic Latin (ASCII) → uses `w:ascii` font
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4. Everything else → uses `w:hAnsi` font
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**Key**: `w:eastAsia` is the **only** way to set CJK fonts. Setting just `w:ascii` will NOT affect CJK characters. Mixed text within a single run auto-switches fonts at the character level — no need for separate runs.
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### Document Defaults
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```xml
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<w:docDefaults>
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<w:rPrDefault>
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<w:rPr>
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<w:rFonts w:ascii="Calibri" w:hAnsi="Calibri" w:eastAsia="SimSun" w:cs="Arial" />
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<w:sz w:val="22" />
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<w:szCs w:val="22" />
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<w:lang w:val="en-US" w:eastAsia="zh-CN" />
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</w:rPr>
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</w:rPrDefault>
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</w:docDefaults>
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```
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`w:lang w:eastAsia` helps Word resolve ambiguous characters (e.g., punctuation shared between CJK and Latin).
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---
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## Punctuation & Line Breaking
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### Full-Width vs Half-Width
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CJK text uses full-width punctuation:
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| Type | CJK | Latin |
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|------|-----|-------|
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| Period | 。(U+3002) | . |
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| Comma | ,(U+FF0C) 、(U+3001) | , |
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| Colon | :(U+FF1A) | : |
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| Semicolon | ;(U+FF1B) | ; |
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| Quotes | 「」『』 or ""'' | "" '' |
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| Parentheses | ()(U+FF08/09) | () |
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In mixed text, use the punctuation style of the **surrounding language context**.
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### OpenXML Controls
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```xml
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<w:pPr>
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<w:adjustRightInd w:val="true" /> <!-- Adjust right indent for CJK punctuation -->
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<w:snapToGrid w:val="true" /> <!-- Align to document grid -->
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<w:kinsoku w:val="true" /> <!-- Enable CJK line breaking rules -->
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<w:overflowPunct w:val="true" /> <!-- Allow punctuation to overflow margins -->
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</w:pPr>
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```
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### Kinsoku Rules (禁則処理)
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Prevents certain characters from appearing at the start or end of a line:
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- **Cannot start a line**: `)」』】〉》。、,!?;:` and closing brackets
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- **Cannot end a line**: `(「『【〈《` and opening brackets
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Word applies these automatically when `w:kinsoku` is enabled.
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### Line Breaking
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- CJK characters can break between **any two characters** (no word boundaries needed)
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- Latin words within CJK text still follow word-boundary breaking
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- `w:wordWrap w:val="false"` enables CJK-style breaking (break anywhere)
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---
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## Paragraph Indentation
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### Chinese Standard: 2-Character Indent
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Chinese body text conventionally uses a 2-character first-line indent:
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```xml
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<w:ind w:firstLineChars="200" /> <!-- 200 = 2 characters × 100 -->
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```
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Preferred over `w:firstLine` with fixed DXA because `firstLineChars` scales with font size.
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| Indent | Value |
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|--------|-------|
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| 1 character | `w:firstLineChars="100"` |
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| 2 characters | `w:firstLineChars="200"` |
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| 3 characters | `w:firstLineChars="300"` |
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---
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## Line Spacing
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- CJK characters are taller than Latin characters at the same point size
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- Default `1.0` line spacing may feel cramped with CJK text
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- Recommended: `1.15–1.5` for mixed CJK+Latin, `1.0` with fixed 28pt for 公文
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### Auto Spacing
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```xml
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<w:pPr>
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<w:autoSpaceDE w:val="true"/> <!-- auto space between CJK and Latin -->
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<w:autoSpaceDN w:val="true"/> <!-- auto space between CJK and numbers -->
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</w:pPr>
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```
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Adds ~¼ em spacing between CJK and non-CJK characters automatically. **Recommended: always enable.**
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---
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## GB/T 9704
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Chinese government document standard (党政机关公文格式). These are **strict requirements**, not suggestions.
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### Page Setup
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| Parameter | Value | OpenXML |
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|-----------|-------|---------|
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| Page size | A4 (210×297mm) | Width=11906, Height=16838 |
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| Top margin | 37mm | 2098 DXA |
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| Bottom margin | 35mm | 1984 DXA |
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| Left margin | 28mm | 1588 DXA |
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| Right margin | 26mm | 1474 DXA |
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| Characters/line | 28 | |
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| Lines/page | 22 | |
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| Line spacing | Fixed 28pt | `line="560"` lineRule="exact" |
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### Document Structure
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```
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┌─────────────────────────────────┐
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│ 发文机关标志 (红头) │ ← 小标宋 or 红色大字
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│ ══════════════════ (红线) │ ← Red #FF0000, 2pt
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├─────────────────────────────────┤
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│ 发文字号: X机发〔2025〕X号 │ ← 仿宋 三号, centered
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│ │
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│ 标题 (Title) │ ← 小标宋 二号, centered
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│ │ 可分多行,回行居中
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│ 主送机关: │ ← 仿宋 三号
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│ │
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│ 正文 (Body)... │ ← 仿宋_GB2312 三号
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│ 一、一级标题 │ ← 黑体 三号
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│ (一)二级标题 │ ← 楷体 三号
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│ 1. 三级标题 │ ← 仿宋 三号 加粗
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│ (1) 四级标题 │ ← 仿宋 三号
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│ │
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│ 附件: 1. xxx │ ← 仿宋 三号
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│ │
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│ 发文机关署名 │ ← 仿宋 三号
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│ 成文日期 │ ← 仿宋 三号, 小写中文数字
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├─────────────────────────────────┤
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│ ══════════════════ (版记线) │
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│ 抄送: xxx │ ← 仿宋 四号
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│ 印发机关及日期 │ ← 仿宋 四号
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└─────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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### Numbering System
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```
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一、 ← 黑体 (SimHei), no indentation
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(一) ← 楷体 (KaiTi), indented 2 chars
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1. ← 仿宋加粗 (FangSong Bold), indented 2 chars
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(1) ← 仿宋 (FangSong), indented 2 chars
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```
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### Colors
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| Element | Color | Requirement |
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|---------|-------|-------------|
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| All body text | Black #000000 | Mandatory |
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| 红头 (agency name) | Red #FF0000 | Mandatory |
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| 红线 (separator) | Red #FF0000 | Mandatory |
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| 公章 (official seal) | Red | Mandatory |
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### Page Numbers
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- Position: bottom center
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- Format: `-X-` (dash-number-dash)
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- Font: 宋体 四号 (SimSun 14pt, `sz="28"`)
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- No page number on cover page if present
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---
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## Mixed Script
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### Font Size Harmony
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CJK characters appear larger than Latin characters at the same point size. Compensation:
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- If body is Calibri 11pt, pair with CJK at 11pt (same size — CJK looks slightly larger but acceptable)
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- If precise visual match needed, CJK can be set 0.5–1pt smaller
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- In practice, same point size is standard — don't over-optimize
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### Bold and Italic
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- **Chinese/Japanese have no true italic.** Word synthesizes a slant which looks poor
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- Use **bold** for emphasis in CJK text
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- Use 着重号 (emphasis dots) for traditional emphasis: `<w:em w:val="dot"/>` on RunProperties
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---
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## OpenXML Quick Reference
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### Set EastAsia Font (C#)
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```csharp
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new Run(
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new RunProperties(
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new RunFonts { EastAsia = "SimSun", Ascii = "Calibri", HighAnsi = "Calibri" },
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new FontSize { Val = "32" } // 三号 = 16pt = sz 32
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),
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new Text("这是正文内容")
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);
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```
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### Document Defaults (C#)
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```csharp
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new DocDefaults(new RunPropertiesDefault(new RunPropertiesBaseStyle(
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new RunFonts {
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Ascii = "Calibri", HighAnsi = "Calibri",
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EastAsia = "Microsoft YaHei"
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},
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new Languages { Val = "en-US", EastAsia = "zh-CN" }
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)));
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```
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### 公文 Style Definitions (C#)
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```csharp
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// Title style — 小标宋 二号 centered
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new Style(
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new StyleName { Val = "GongWen Title" },
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new BasedOn { Val = "Normal" },
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new StyleRunProperties(
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new RunFonts { EastAsia = "FZXiaoBiaoSong-B05S" },
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new FontSize { Val = "44" }, // 二号 = 22pt
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new Bold()
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),
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new StyleParagraphProperties(
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new Justification { Val = JustificationValues.Center },
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new SpacingBetweenLines { Line = "560", LineRule = LineSpacingRuleValues.Exact }
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)
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) { Type = StyleValues.Paragraph, StyleId = "GongWenTitle" };
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// Body style — 仿宋_GB2312 三号
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new Style(
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new StyleName { Val = "GongWen Body" },
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new StyleRunProperties(
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new RunFonts { EastAsia = "FangSong_GB2312", Ascii = "FangSong_GB2312" },
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new FontSize { Val = "32" } // 三号 = 16pt
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),
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new StyleParagraphProperties(
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new SpacingBetweenLines { Line = "560", LineRule = LineSpacingRuleValues.Exact }
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)
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) { Type = StyleValues.Paragraph, StyleId = "GongWenBody" };
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```
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### Emphasis Dots (着重号)
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```csharp
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new RunProperties(new Emphasis { Val = EmphasisMarkValues.Dot });
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```
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### East Asian Text Layout
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```xml
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<!-- Snap to grid (align CJK chars to character grid) -->
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<w:snapToGrid w:val="true"/>
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<!-- Two-lines-in-one (双行合一) -->
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<w:eastAsianLayout w:id="1" w:combine="true"/>
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<!-- Vertical text in a cell -->
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<w:textDirection w:val="tbRl"/>
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```
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